Building MoonPay's on-ramp

Crypto on-ramps are essential gateways to digital ownership and Web3. Without them, millions of people would be unable to use everyday payment methods like debit cards, credit cards, PayPal, Apple Pay, and Google Pay to seamlessly buy cryptocurrencies on popular wallets and other decentralized applications.

At MoonPay, we have invested years of effort and resources to build the most robust on-ramp infrastructure stack in the industry, serving millions of people across 150 countries. 

In this exclusive look, we breakdown the inner workings of MoonPay’s financial technology and what it has taken to build the industry’s leading on-ramp. 

What is a crypto on-ramp?

A crypto on-ramp enables the simple purchase of cryptocurrencies using globally accepted payment methods like credit and debit cards. While it’s easy to use on-ramps, it’s not easy to build one. MoonPay had to navigate a myriad of challenges.

Further reading: What are fiat “on-ramps” and “off-ramps”?

Regulatory hurdles

We recognized early on that offering a service that allows customers to buy cryptocurrencies with traditional payment methods is a regulated activity in most countries. This meant obtaining the necessary registrations and licenses became a top priority.

Acquiring and maintaining these credentials is no small feat. It requires substantial investment, time, and resources. We typically invest over 18 months before receiving a license, ensuring we have the qualified team, policies, and procedures in place to meet regulatory standards.

Did you know? Moon Pay is registered as a cryptoasset business with the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), a Virtual Asset Service Provider with the Central Bank of Ireland and the Organismo Agenti e Mediatori in Italy, and has 48 licenses in the US.

Navigating reporting requirements

Securing a license is just the first step. On an on-going basis, we have to adhere to strict reporting protocols, submitting both periodic and ad hoc reports to each regulator with whom we hold a license. These reports provide detailed insights into our operations, ensuring regulators have a clear understanding of our activities and risk management practices. 

Additionally, we diligently manage capital and surety bond requirements, upholding financial safeguards that protect our users and the broader ecosystem.

Regulatory examinations are a routine part of operating in the crypto space. During these assessments, we showcase our comprehensive policies and procedures, proving their effectiveness in mitigating risks and ensuring regulatory compliance.

A multi-layered approach to compliance

Our commitment to compliance goes beyond reporting and examinations. Our dedicated compliance and legal teams play a pivotal role in upholding the highest standards of integrity. They are responsible for a wide array of tasks, including:

• Implementing Know Your Customer (KYC) and Anti-Money Laundering (AML) Controls: Ensuring we adhere to the highest standards of Anti-Money Laundering and Know Your Customer protocols to prevent illicit activities.
• Filing Suspicious Activity Reports (SARs): Promptly reporting any suspicious transactions to relevant authorities.
• Conducting Exams & Audits: Regularly assessing our internal controls and historical records to identify and address any potential risks.

Specialized FinCrime expertise

To further bolster our compliance efforts, we have assembled a specialized FinCrime team. These experts focus on identifying and mitigating fraudulent activities, providing an extra layer of protection for our users and the overall integrity of our platform.

Navigating a fragmented licensing landscape

At MoonPay, our mission is to make crypto accessible worldwide. However, achieving this goal requires navigating a complex and fragmented environment. Each region and territory has its unique set of rules and requirements, making compliance a constant challenge.

Consider the United States, a prime example of this regulatory patchwork. To operate across the country, MoonPay has had to secure Money Transmitter Licenses (MTLs) in numerous states. In New York, you must also obtain a separate BitLicense, a process that typically takes one year.

Compliance goes beyond licenses. Adhering to KYC and AML regulations is a critical aspect of our operations. It's a complex undertaking that requires significant investment in technology, expertise, and manpower.

Many cryptocurrency wallets choose to partner with MoonPay to alleviate the KYC burden. We've built a robust KYC system that navigates diverse jurisdictional requirements, optimizes verification processes, and prioritizes user experience. This allows our partners to focus on their core offerings while ensuring compliance.

KYC and AML compliance isn't solely a technological challenge. Despite our advanced systems, we maintain a dedicated team of CX/Compliance analysts who manually verify users facing difficulties. This human touch ensures a smooth experience for our users while maintaining regulatory compliance.

We understand that user sentiment leans against sharing Personally Identifiable Information (PII) with self-custody wallets. Our model prioritizes user privacy by maintaining a separate KYC process, protecting the sensitive data of our 20 million verified users.

Our commitment to compliance extends beyond KYC and AML. We have a dedicated team of 35 experts who diligently manage transaction monitoring, blockchain monitoring, sanctions controls, audits, and risk assessments. Our comprehensive approach ensures we meet regulatory expectations while maintaining the highest standards of security and integrity.

Did you know? Each KYC verification check costs $1 and typically takes 1.5 attempts to pass successfully. MoonPay leverages economies of scale, absorbing KYC costs without passing them as a line-item to partners.

MoonPay's fortress against fraud

Security is paramount in the crypto world. While robust measures like encryption and multi-factor authentication are essential, they’re just the beginning of our defense against fraud.

The crypto industry is no stranger to fraud. In 2022 alone, losses due to crypto fraud amounted to nearly $4 billion, with an even higher figure of $13 billion lost during the 2021 bull cycle. This translates to fraud rates at the higher end of the 0.3% to 1% range for crypto companies. 

In addition to fraud, chargebacks pose a significant financial and operational burden. These disputes can take up to six months to resolve and often require specialized FinCrime teams to handle. MoonPay has invested in a dedicated team of 22 fraud experts to mitigate these risks.

To combat fraud effectively, MoonPay has implemented a comprehensive suite of fraud controls:

• Anti-fraud systems: Third party solutions such as site takedown vendors, chain analysis, and anti-scam vendors in conjunction in addition to real-monitoring from our in-house team.
• Fraud prevention tools: Our team develops and deploys proprietary tools tailored to the unique challenges of the crypto space.
• Risk scoring engines: We utilize sophisticated models to assess the risk associated with each transaction, allowing us to prioritize investigations and take proactive measures.
• Machine learning models: These models continuously learn and adapt, improving our ability to identify emerging fraud patterns.
• Bug bounty programs: We incentivize security researchers to uncover vulnerabilities in our systems, ensuring a robust defense against potential threats.

Did you know? MoonPay holds an ISO-27001 certification, signifying adherence to the highest standards of information security and risk management. Additionally, our dedicated team of 22 individuals works tirelessly to combat fraudulent activities on a daily basis.

Payments stack

A robust payments infrastructure is the cornerstone of MoonPay’s on-ramp. 

We integrate with multiple payment processors to offer a wide array of fiat payment methods. From credit/debit cards and bank transfers to mobile options like Apple Pay, Google Pay, and PayPal, we cater to diverse user preferences. We also offer localized solutions like UK Faster Payments and PIX payments in Brazil, ensuring accessibility across regions.

Crypto transactions often face high bank decline rates due to evolving policies. To mitigate this, we maintain an extensive database of flagged BINs (Bank Identification Numbers). This allows us to proactively inform users if their bank is likely to decline their transaction, saving them time and frustration.

Securing suitable bank accounts and building relationships with card networks is crucial for minimizing declines. MoonPay has forged a strategic partnership with MasterCard, a leading card provider embracing Web3 initiatives. This collaboration strengthens trust in blockchain technology while facilitating cryptocurrency transactions.

Building relationships with payment providers requires patience and time. We’ve diversified our network and implemented intelligent routing across multiple acquirers. This strategy optimizes conversion rates by selecting the most efficient route for each transaction.

Did you know? Despite potential delays of up to three days in receiving payments from card companies, MoonPay ensures instantaneous delivery of crypto to ensure a seamless user experience.

Liquidity sourcing, management & asset delivery

Liquidity is the lifeblood of a thriving crypto on-ramp. Our goal is to cater to diverse user preferences while ensuring seamless transactions, even in the face of market fluctuations and exchange disruptions.

We recognize that users have different crypto preferences. While mainstream users often gravitate towards established tokens like Bitcoin and Ethereum, seasoned crypto enthusiasts seek a broader selection. As the Web3 ecosystem evolves, we anticipate and adapt to emerging use cases, including stablecoins and other crypto assets.

To meet these diverse demands, we integrate with multiple exchanges and liquidity providers. This strategy optimizes our trading capabilities, ensuring we have sufficient liquidity to fulfill orders promptly, even during peak demand.

Crypto exchanges can experience outages during high-volume periods, potentially disrupting user transactions. To mitigate this risk, we constantly monitor asset listings and delistings across all integrated exchanges and actively track price movements. Additionally, we maintain assets in secure crypto custody solutions, allowing us to fulfill orders even when exchanges face downtime.

Our multifaceted approach to liquidity sourcing, management, and asset delivery ensures that our customers enjoy a smooth and reliable on-ramp experience. We continuously invest in optimizing our backend systems, secure wallets, and order matching engines to deliver the best possible service.

Did you know? MoonPay supports over 100 cryptocurrencies available for purchase in 180+ countries, as well as Sell and Swap functionality in select regions. Additionally, to ensure a smooth user experience, MoonPay holds assets in our own wallets to ensure we can fulfill orders even when exchanges experience downtime, even though this exposes us to market risk and volatility.

User experience & onboarding

A user-centric approach is key to driving adoption and retention. We’ve made significant investments in crafting a user-centric on-ramp experience that empowers beginners and seasoned enthusiasts alike.

Designing for simplicity and intuitiveness: Our user-friendly interface simplifies complex processes, ensuring users can easily understand and complete transactions.

Onboarding and registration: First impressions matter. We’ve streamlined our onboarding and registration process to minimize friction and get users started quickly.

Seamless deposits and withdrawals: Convenience is paramount in the fast-paced world of crypto. We offer seamless deposit and withdrawal methods that cater to diverse user preferences across various geographic regions and fiat currencies.

Dedicated customer support: Our accessible customer support channels provide timely assistance, resolving transaction and account queries promptly. We strive to exceed user expectations by ensuring swift delivery times and minimizing delays, fostering trust and satisfaction.

Optimization for future developments

The continuous improvement philosophy is built into our DNA, and it’s how we stay at the forefront of the ever-evolving crypto landscape. 

Data-driven decision making: We closely monitor key metrics and performance indicators to gain valuable insights into our operations. This data-driven approach allows us to make informed decisions, refine our strategies, and optimize our platform for maximum efficiency and user satisfaction.

Listening to our users: User feedback is invaluable to us. We actively seek and analyze feedback to understand user behavior, preferences, and pain points. This enables us to make iterative improvements, enhance user satisfaction, and foster deeper engagement with our platform.

Iterative development: We embrace an agile development approach, allowing us to adapt quickly to changing market trends and user demands. By continuously refining our platform, we ensure that it remains relevant, user-friendly, and aligned with the latest industry developments.

Scaling for global reach: As the demand for cryptocurrencies grows, scalability is crucial. We are committed to expanding our operations and infrastructure to accommodate increasing user demand and reach new markets and geographies.

Innovating new features and services: We're not content with simply meeting current needs. We constantly explore new features and services that can enhance our value proposition and attract new users. Our goal is to remain the leading crypto on-ramp by providing innovative solutions that empower users and businesses alike.

Strategic partnerships and collaborations: We actively seek partnerships and collaborations with both crypto-native companies and non-Web3 businesses. These strategic alliances allow us to leverage shared resources and expertise, accelerating our growth and expanding our reach in the global market.

Final thoughts

As we've explored in this comprehensive overview, the journey to building a successful crypto on-ramp is far from simple. It demands a multifaceted approach that encompasses meticulous planning, cutting-edge technology, steadfast regulatory compliance, an unwavering focus on user experience, a commitment to continuous improvement, and huge investments in time and resources.

At MoonPay, we've poured years of dedication into perfecting these elements. We've navigated the complex regulatory landscape, invested heavily in robust infrastructure, developed advanced fraud prevention mechanisms, and tirelessly optimized our payment and liquidity systems. Above all, we've always placed the user at the center of our efforts, striving to create an intuitive and seamless on-ramp experience.

Our journey is a testament to the power of perseverance and innovation in the dynamic world of crypto. We believe that by sharing our insights and experiences, we can empower others to build with confidence, knowing the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead.

We invite you to join us on this exciting journey as we continue to push the boundaries of crypto accessibility and shape the future of the industry. Together, we can unlock the full potential of crypto and create a more inclusive and equitable financial ecosystem.

Build with MoonPay

MoonPay's expertise extends beyond the realm of crypto on-ramps. We offer a comprehensive suite of solutions designed to empower businesses and developers in the Web3 space.

• Off-Ramp Solutions: Our off-ramp service provides a seamless way for users to sell their cryptocurrencies for fiat currency. This feature complements our on-ramp, creating a complete cycle for buying and selling digital assets.
  
• Cross-Chain Swap Services: Our cross-chain swap services enable users to effortlessly convert between different cryptocurrencies, expanding their options and maximizing flexibility.
  
• Comprehensive Web3 and NFT Solutions: We offer a wide range of tools and services designed to support the development and growth of dApps and NFTs. Whether you're building the next big NFT marketplace or exploring innovative Web3 use cases, MoonPay has the solutions to help you succeed.

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